Articulating endoscopic surgical clip applier

ABSTRACT

An apparatus for application of surgical clips to body tissue is provided and includes a handle assembly and a shaft assembly. The handle assembly includes a drive assembly; and a trigger operatively connected to the drive assembly. The shaft assembly extends from the handle assembly and includes an articulating neck assembly; and an end effector assembly supported on a distal end of the articulating neck assembly and being configured to form a surgical clip in place on the body tissue.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/772,998 filed Feb. 21, 2013, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,845,659, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/004,064 filed Jan. 11, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,403,945, which claims benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/308,093 filed Feb. 25, 2010, and the disclosures of each of the above-identified applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to surgical clip appliers and, more particularly, to a novel articulating endoscopic surgical clip applier.

2. Background of Related Art

Endoscopic staplers and clip appliers are known in the art and are used for a number of distinct and useful surgical procedures. In the case of a laparoscopic surgical procedure, access to the interior of an abdomen is achieved through narrow tubes or cannulas inserted through a small entrance incision in the skin. Minimally invasive procedures performed elsewhere in the body are often generally referred to as endoscopic procedures. Typically, a tube or cannula device is extended into the patient's body through the entrance incision to provide an access port. The port allows the surgeon to insert a number of different surgical instruments therethrough using a trocar and for performing surgical procedures far removed from the incision.

During a majority of these procedures, the surgeon must often terminate the flow of blood or another fluid through one or more vessels. The surgeon will often apply a surgical clip to a blood vessel or another duct to prevent the flow of body fluids therethrough during the procedure. An endoscopic clip applier is known in the art for applying a single clip during an entry to the body cavity. Such single clip appliers are typically fabricated from a biocompatible material and are usually compressed over a vessel. Once applied to the vessel, the compressed clip terminates the flow of fluid therethrough.

Endoscopic clip appliers that are able to apply multiple clips in endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures during a single entry into the body cavity are described in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,084,057 and 5,100,420 to Green et al., which are both incorporated by reference in their entirety. Another multiple endoscopic clip applier is disclosed in commonly-assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,607,436 to Pratt et al., the contents of which is also hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. These devices are typically, though not necessarily, used during a single surgical procedure. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/515,341 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,695,502 to Pier et al., the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference herein, discloses a resterilizable surgical clip applier. The clip applier advances and forms multiple clips during a single insertion into the body cavity. This resterilizable clip applier is configured to receive and cooperate with an interchangeable clip magazine so as to advance and form multiple clips during a single entry into a body cavity. One significant design goal is that the surgical clip be loaded between the jaws without any compression of the clip from the loading procedure. Such bending or torque of the clip during loading often has a number of unintended consequences. Such compression during loading may alter slightly the alignment of the clip between the jaws. This will cause the surgeon to remove the clip from between the jaws for discarding the clip. Additionally such preloading compression may slightly compress parts of the clip and change a geometry of the clip. This will cause the surgeon to remove the compressed clip from between the jaws for discarding the clip.

Endoscopic or laparoscopic procedures are often performed remotely from the incision. Consequently, application of clips may be complicated by a reduced field of view or reduced tactile feedback for the user at the proximal end of the device. It is therefore desirable to improve the operation of the instrument by providing an instrument that is capable of articulating.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure relates to novel articulating endoscopic surgical clip appliers.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present clip applier will be more fully appreciated as the same becomes better understood from the following detailed description when considered in connection with the following drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a front, perspective view of a surgical clip applier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, shown in an articulated condition;

FIG. 2 is a rear, perspective view of the clip applier of FIG. 1, shown in an articulated condition;

FIG. 3 is a rear, left-side, perspective view of a handle assembly of the surgical clip applier of FIGS. 1 and 2, with a housing half-section removed therefrom;

FIG. 4 is a front, right-side, perspective view of the handle assembly of the surgical clip applier of FIGS. 1 and 2, with a housing half-section removed therefrom;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view, with parts separated, of the handle assembly of surgical the clip applier of FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged perspective view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a front, perspective view of an articulation dial of the surgical clip applier of FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view, with parts separated, of an articulating neck assembly of the surgical clip applier of FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 10 is a front, perspective view of the handle assembly of the surgical clip applier of FIGS. 1-4, with the housing removed therefrom, illustrating an articulation assembly in an un-actuated condition;

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the neck assembly of FIG. 9, shown in an un-articulated condition;

FIG. 12 is a front, perspective view of the handle assembly of the surgical clip applier of FIGS. 1-4, with the housing removed therefrom, illustrating the articulation assembly in an actuated condition;

FIG. 13 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the neck assembly of FIG. 9, shown in an articulated condition;

FIG. 14 is a front, perspective view of the surgical clip applier of FIGS. 1-4, illustrating a rotation of the shaft assembly thereof;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 15-15 of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view, with parts separated, of a clip applying end effector assembly of the clip applier of FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 16, with an outer tube removed therefrom;

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 16, with the outer tube and a pusher bar removed therefrom;

FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 16, with the outer tube, the pusher bar and an upper housing removed therefrom;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 16, with the outer tube, the pusher bar, the upper housing and an advancer plate removed therefrom;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 16, with the outer tube, the pusher bar, the upper housing, the advancer plate and a clip carrying channel removed therefrom;

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 16, with the outer tube, the pusher bar, the upper housing, the advancer plate, the clip carrying channel and the jaws removed therefrom;

FIG. 23 is a distal, top, perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 17;

FIG. 24 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a distal, bottom, perspective view of the clip applier end effector assembly of FIG. 17;

FIG. 26 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 25;

FIG. 27 is a longitudinal, side-elevational, cross-sectional view of the clip applier of FIGS. 1-4;

FIG. 28 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 27;

FIG. 29 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 30-30 of FIG. 29;

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 31-31 of FIG. 29;

FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 32-32 of FIG. 29;

FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 33-33 of FIG. 28;

FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 34-34 of FIG. 28;

FIG. 35 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 27;

FIG. 36 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 35;

FIG. 37 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 35;

FIG. 38 is a top, perspective view of a clip follower according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 39 is a bottom, perspective view of a clip follower according to the present disclosure;

FIG. 40 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 40-40 of FIG. 38;

FIG. 41 is a top, perspective view of the clip channel, advancer plate, clip follower and stack of clips, shown in an assembled condition;

FIG. 42 is a bottom, perspective view of the clip channel, advancer plate, clip follower and stack of clips, shown in an assembled condition;

FIG. 43 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 41;

FIG. 44 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 42;

FIG. 45 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 45-45 of FIG. 41;

FIG. 46 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 45;

FIG. 47 is a right side, elevational view of the internal components of the handle assembly, illustrating an initial actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 48 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 48-48 of FIG. 47;

FIG. 49 is a top, perspective view of the end effector assembly of the surgical clip applier, with the outer tube removed, during the initial actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 50 is a bottom, perspective view of the end effector assembly of the surgical clip applier, with the outer tube removed, during the initial actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 51 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 51-51 of FIG. 49;

FIG. 52 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 51;

FIG. 53 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 51;

FIG. 54 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view of the area indicated as 52 in FIG. 51, illustrating a further actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 55 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 54;

FIG. 56 is a longitudinal, cross-sectional view of the clip follower as illustrated in FIG. 55;

FIG. 57 is a top, perspective view of the end effector assembly of the surgical clip applier, with the outer tube removed, during the further actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 58 is a bottom, perspective view of the end effector assembly of the surgical clip applier, with the outer tube removed, during the further actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 59 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view of the area indicated as 35 in FIG. 27, illustrating the further actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 60 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 59;

FIG. 61 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 59;

FIG. 62 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 61;

FIG. 63 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view of the area indicated as 28 in FIG. 27, illustrating a complete actuation of the trigger of the surgical clip applier;

FIG. 64 is a cross-sectional view of as taken through 64-64 of FIG. 63;

FIG. 65 is an enlarged, top, perspective view of a proximal end of the end effector assembly at the full actuation of the trigger;

FIG. 66 is a bottom, front perspective view of a distal end of the end effector assembly, illustrating a closure of the jaws at the full actuation of the trigger;

FIG. 67 is a cross-sectional view as taken through 67-67 of FIG. 66;

FIG. 68 is a perspective view, illustrating a surgical clip in place on a vessel;

FIG. 69 is an enlarged, cross-sectional view of the area illustrated in FIG. 34, illustrating a re-setting of the trigger of the surgical clip applier; and

FIG. 70 in an enlarged, cross-sectional view of the area illustrated in FIG. 27, illustrating the re-setting of the trigger of the surgical clip applier.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of surgical clip appliers in accordance with the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the drawing figures wherein like reference numerals identify similar or identical structural elements. As shown in the drawings and described throughout the following description, as is traditional when referring to relative positioning on a surgical instrument, the term “proximal” refers to the end of the apparatus which is closer to the user and the term “distal” refers to the end of the apparatus which is further away from the user.

Referring now to FIGS. 1-25, a surgical clip applier in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure is generally designated as 100. Clip applier 100 includes a handle assembly 200 and an articulating endoscopic portion including a shaft assembly 300 extending distally from handle assembly 200.

Referring now to FIGS. 1-8, handle assembly 200 of surgical clip applier 100 is shown. Handle assembly 200 includes a housing 202 having a first or right side half-section 202 a and a second or left side half-section 202 b. Handle assembly 200 includes a trigger 208 pivotably supported between right side half-section 202 a and left side half-section 202 b. Trigger 208 is biased to an un-actuated position by a biasing member 210, in the form of a spring or the like. Housing 202 of handle assembly 200 may be formed of a suitable plastic material.

As seen in FIGS. 3-4, housing 202 supports a drive assembly 220 between right side half-section 202 a and left side half-section 202 b. Drive assembly 220 includes a drive block 222 translatably, slidably supported between right side half-section 202 a and left side half-section 202 b of housing 202, for movement thereof along a longitudinal axis “X” of clip applier 100. Drive block 222 includes nubs 222a projecting from opposed lateral sides thereof for pivotably and slidably connection in elongated channels 208 a formed in trigger 208. Drive block 222 defines a threaded or helical lumen 222 b therethrough.

As seen in FIGS. 3-6, handle assembly 200 further includes a ratchet mechanism 230 disposed in housing 202. Ratchet mechanism 230 includes a toothed-rack 232 defined or supported in housing 202, and a pawl 234 pivotally supported on drive block 222 at a location wherein pawl 234 is in substantial operative engagement with toothed-rack 232.

Pawl 234 includes a pawl tooth 234 a which is selectively engageable with the teeth of rack 232. Pawl tooth 234 a is engageable with the teeth of rack 232 to restrict longitudinal movement of drive block 222 and, in turn, trigger 208. A pawl spring 236 is provided to bias pawl 234 into operative engagement with the teeth of rack 232.

Toothed-rack 232 includes a plurality of teeth 232 a interposed between a distal reversing recess 232 b and a proximal reversing recess 232 c. In use, with pawl in either distal reversing recess 232 b or proximal reversing recess 232 c, as drive block 222, and thus pawl 234, is translated in a first direction relative to tooth-rack 232, tooth 234 a is pulled across the teeth 232 a of toothed-rack 232. The translation of drive block 222 can not be reversed until tooth 234 a of pawl 234 reaches the other of either distal reversing recess 232 b or proximal reversing recess 232 c of toothed-rack 232, such that an orientation of pawl 234 may be re-set or reversed. Once the orientation of pawl 234 is either re-set or reversed, drive block 222 may be translated in an opposite direction. As so constructed, it is apparent that the direction of translation of drive block 222 can not be reversed until a complete stoke or travel length of drive block 222 is accomplished.

With continued reference to FIGS. 3-6, drive assembly 220 further includes a drive screw 224 rotatably supported within housing 202. Drive screw 224 includes a proximal tip 224 a for establishing a point contact within a cup 202 c (see FIG. 28) provided in housing 202. Drive screw 224 further includes an outer helical thread 224 b extending along a length thereof and configured to mate within helical lumen 222 b of drive block 222. Drive screw 224 further includes a crown of teeth 224 c supported at a distal end thereof. In use, as trigger 208 is actuated trigger 208 translates drive block 222 through housing 202. As drive block 222 is translated through housing 202, helical lumen 222 b of drive block 222 cooperates with helical thread 224 b of drive screw 224 to result in rotation of drive screw 224.

Drive assembly 220 further includes a clutch gear 226 rotatably supported in housing 202 and keyed to drive shaft 250 (see FIGS. 16 and 31). Clutch gear 226 defines a crown of gear teeth 226 a configured and dimensioned to cooperate and selectively engage the crown of teeth 224 c of drive screw 224. Clutch gear 226 may be biased, by a biasing member 228, such that crown of teeth 226 a thereof is in engagement with the crown of teeth 224 c of drive screw 224. Clutch gear 226 defines an outer annular race 226 d therein.

Drive assembly 220 further includes a clutch bracket 238 pivotally supported in housing 202. Clutch bracket 238 includes a pair of legs 238 a extending around clutch gear 226, and a boss 238 b, extending from each leg 238 a and into annular race 226 d of clutch gear 226. A free end 238 c of each leg 238 a extends an amount sufficient to engage a rib 208 b formed on trigger 208. In use, as clutch bracket 238 is pivoted distally (due to biasing member 228) and proximally, due to the squeezing and releasing of trigger 208, clutch bracket 238 approximates and separates clutch gear 226 with the crown of teeth 224 c of drive screw 224.

With reference to FIGS. 1-7, handle assembly 200 of clip applier 100 further includes a rotation assembly 240 having a rotation knob 242 rotatably supported on and in housing 202 at a distal end thereof. Knob 242 includes grip portion 242 a disposed externally of housing 202 and a stem portion 242 b disposed within housing 202. Knob 242 defines a lumen 242 c therethrough. Stem portion 242 b defines a pair of opposed, longitudinally extending channels or grooves 242 b ₁, 242 b ₂ formed in the wall of lumen 242 c.

As seen in FIGS. 1-15, handle assembly 200 also includes an articulation assembly 260 supported on or in housing 202. Articulation assembly 260 includes an articulation dial 262 rotatably supported in and projecting from housing 202. Articulation dial 262 is secured to or keyed to a tubular screw body 266 of articulation assembly 260. As seen in FIG. 7, articulation dial 262 includes at least one rib 262 a formed on a face thereof for operative engagement with teeth 264 a of a ratchet gear 264. Toothed-gear 264 functions to increase the friction for rotation of dial 262 thereby helping to maintain the position of rotation dial 264, and, in turn, the articulation of the end effector, once the user has selected a desired orientation or articulation of the end effector assembly. Additionally, toothed-gear 264 provides the user with a degree of audible/tactile feedback.

Articulation assembly 260 further includes a tubular screw body 266 rotatably supported in lumen 242 c of stem portion 242 b of knob 242. Tubular screw body 266 defines a central lumen 266 a, through which drive shaft 250 extends, and a pair of oppositely extending helical grooves 266 b, 266 c formed in an outer surface thereof.

Articulation assembly 260 further includes a pair of opposed articulation cuffs 268, 270 translatably interposed between stem portion 242 b of knob 242 and tubular screw body 266. Each cuff 268, 270 includes a respective rail 268 a, 270 a formed on an outer surface thereof and configured for slidably receipt in a respective on of the pair of opposed, longitudinally extending channels 242 b ₁, 242 b ₂ formed in the wall of lumen 242 c. Each cuff 268, 270 further includes a respective thread portion 268 b, 270 b formed on an inner surface thereof and configured for slidably receipt in a respective on of the pair of oppositely extending helical grooves 266 b, 266 c formed in the outer surface of the tubular screw body 266. Each cuff 268, 270 is secured to a proximal end of a respective articulation cable 252, 254.

In use, as seen in FIGS. 10-14, as articulation dial 262 is rotated in a first direction, tubular screw body 266 is also rotated in the first direction. As tubular screw body 266 is rotated in the first direction, cuffs 268, 270 are caused to be translated in opposed axial directions relative to one another. As cuffs 268, 270 are caused to be translated in opposed axial directions relative to one another, so too are the respective articulation cables 252, 254 translated in opposed axial directions relative to one another. As the respective articulation cables 252, 254 are translated in opposed axial directions relative to one another, the end effector assembly is caused to be articulated off-axis. The greater the degree of rotation of articulation dial 262, the greater the degree of articulation of the end effector assembly. In order to articulate the end effector in the opposite direction, the user only needs to rotate the articulation dial 262 in an opposite direction.

Turning now to FIGS. 1-5 and 9-26, shaft assembly 300 of clip applier 100 is shown and will be described. Shaft assembly 300 and the components thereof may be formed of suitable biocompatible materials, such as, for example, stainless steel, titanium, plastics and the like.

Shaft assembly 300 includes an outer tube 302 having a proximal end 302 a supported within housing 202, a distal end 302 b, and a lumen 302 c extending therethrough. Outer tube 302 is secured to rotation knob 242 of rotation assembly 240 by way of nubs 242 d (see FIGS. 7, 15 and 30) of knob 242 extending from lumen 242 c thereof and into respective openings 302 d formed near proximal end 302 a of outer tube 302. In use, as seen in FIGS. 14 and 15, as knob 242 is rotated, the rotation thereof is transmitted to outer tube 302 by nubs 242 d of knob 242, thereby rotating shaft assembly 300 about the longitudinal “X” axis.

As seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 9-14, shaft assembly 300 includes an articulating neck assembly 310 supported at distal end 302 b of outer tube 302. Articulating neck assembly 310 permits a distal end of shaft assembly 302 to be articulated off-axis relative to the longitudinal “X” axis of clip applier 100 and of shaft assembly 300.

Articulating neck assembly 310 includes a proximal articulation joint 312 supported at and/or connected to distal end 302 b of proximal outer tube 302, a plurality of inter-connected articulation joints 314 supported at and/or connected to proximal articulation joint 312, and a distal articulation joint 316 supported at and/or connected to a distal end of inter-connected articulation joints 314. Articulation cables (not shown) extend from cuffs 268, 270 of articulation assembly 260, through proximal outer tube 302, through proximal articulation joint 312, through inter-connected articulation joints 314, and are fixedly secured to distal articulation joint 316. In this manner, as articulation dial 262 is rotated, as described above, the articulation cables are translated, and thus, the neck assembly 310 is articulated.

As seen in FIGS. 16-26, shaft assembly 300 further includes an end effector assembly 320 supported at and/or connected to distal articulation joint 316 of neck assembly 310. End effector assembly 320 includes an outer tube 322 having a proximal end 322 a connected to distal articulation joint 316, a distal end 322 b, and a lumen 322 c extending therethrough.

End effector assembly 320 further includes an upper housing 324 and a lower housing 326, each disposed within lumen 322 c of outer tube 322. As seen in FIG. 16, upper housing 324 defines a window 324 a formed near a distal end thereof, a longitudinally extending slot 324 b formed proximal of window 324 a, and a nub 324 c projecting from an upper surface of upper housing 324 and located proximal of slot 324 b.

As seen in FIGS. 16 and 18, end effector assembly 320 further includes a pusher bar 330 slidably disposed between outer tube 322 and upper housing 324. Pusher bar 330 includes a distal end 330 a defining a pusher 330 c configured and adapted to selectively engage/move (i.e., distally advance) a distal-most clip “C1” of a stack of clips “C” and to remain in contact with the distal-most clip “C1” during an initial formation thereof. Pusher bar 330 defines a distal slot 330 d configured to slidably receive a tab 322 b of an advancer plate 322, a proximal slot 330 e located proximal of distal slot 330 d and configured to slidably receive nub 324 c of upper housing 324, and spring or snap clip 330 f extending proximally from a proximal end 330 b thereof. Snap clip 330 f is configured in such a manner that the tines thereof selectively engage a nub 344 d projecting from drive sled 344.

As seen in FIGS. 16 and 19, end effector assembly 320 further includes an advancer plate 332 reciprocally supported beneath upper housing 324. Advancer plate 332 includes a series of windows 332 a formed therein and extending along a length thereof. As seen in FIGS. 41 and 43, each window 332 a defines a proximal edge that extends below a surface of advancer plate 332 so as to define a lip or ledge 332 c. Advancer plate 332 further includes a tab or fin 332 b extending or projecting from an upper surface thereof, in a direction toward upper housing 324. As seen in FIG. 18, tab 332 b slidably extends through slot 324 b of upper housing 324 and through distal slot 330 d of pusher 330.

As seen in FIGS. 16 and 20, end effector assembly 320 further includes a clip carrier 334 disposed beneath advancer plate 332 and beneath upper housing 324. Clip carrier 334 is generally a box-like structure having an upper wall, a pair of side walls and a lower wall defining a channel therethrough. Clip carrier 334 includes a plurality of spaced apart windows 334 a (see FIGS. 42 and 44) formed in the lower wall and extending longitudinally along a length thereof. Clip carrier 334 includes an elongate channel or window formed in the upper wall and extending longitudinally along a length thereof.

As seen in FIGS. 16 and 20, a stack of surgical clips “C” is loaded and/or retained within the channel of clip carrier 334 in a manner so as to slide therewithin and/or therealong. The channel of clip carrier 334 is configured and dimensioned to slidably retain the stack or plurality of surgical clips “C” in tip-to-tail fashion therewithin.

A distal end portion of clip carrier 334 includes a pair of spaced apart, resilient tangs 334 b. Tangs 334 b are configured and adapted to detachably engage a backspan of a distal-most surgical clip “C1” of the stack of surgical clips “C” retained within clip carrier 334.

As seen in FIGS. 16, 20 and 38-40, end effector assembly 320 of clip applier 100 further includes a clip follower 336 slidably disposed within the channel of clip carrier 334. As will be described in greater detail below, clip follower 336 is positioned behind the stack of surgical clips “C” and is provided to urge the stack of clips “C” forward during an actuation of clip applier 100. As will be described in greater detail below, clip follower 336 is actuated by the reciprocating forward and backward motion of advancer plate 332.

As seen in FIGS. 38-40, clip follower 336 includes an upper tab 336 a extending substantially upwardly and rearwardly from clip follower 336, and a lower tab 336 b extending substantially downwardly and rearwardly from clip follower 336.

Upper tab 336 a of clip follower 336 is configured and dimensioned to selectively engage ledges 332 c of windows 332 a of advancer plate 332. In use, engagement of upper tab 336 a of clip follower 336 against ledges 332 c of windows 332 a of advancer plate 332 causes clip follower 336 to incrementally advance or travel distally as advancer plate 332 is advanced or moved in a distal direction.

Lower tab 336 b is configured and dimensioned to selectively engage windows 334 a formed in clip carrier 334. In use, engagement of lower tab 336 b of clip follower 336 in a window 334 a formed clip carrier 334 prevents clip follower 336 from traveling or moving in a proximal direction.

As seen in FIGS. 16-21, end effector assembly 320 of surgical clip applier 100 includes a pair of jaws 326 mounted at a distal end of upper housing 324 and outer tube 322 and actuatable by trigger 208 of handle assembly 200. Jaws 326 are formed of a suitable biocompatible material such as, for example, stainless steel or titanium and define a channel 326 a therebetween for receipt of a surgical clip “C” therein. When jaws 326 are in an open or un-approximated condition relative to each other, a width of jaws 326 measures greater than an outer diameter of shaft assembly 300. Jaws 326 are mounted in the distal end of upper housing 324 and outer tube 322 such that they are longitudinally stationary relative thereto.

As seen in FIGS. 25 and 26, each jaw 326 includes a respective raised camming surface 326 b projecting from a lower surface thereof. Camming surfaces 326 b of jaws 326 permit another driving camming member selective, inter-locking engagement therewith, for closing and compressing of jaws 326.

As seen in FIGS. 16 and 22, end effector assembly 320 includes a driver bar 340 slidably interposed between jaws 326 and outer tube 322. Drive bar 340 defines a pair of driver camming surfaces 340 a formed near a distal end thereof and being configured for selective inter-locking engagement with camming surfaces 326 b of jaws 326.

End effector assembly 320 further includes a slider joint 342 connected to and extending proximally from a proximal end of drive bar 340. Slider joint 342 includes a nub 342 a projecting from a surface thereof in a direction of jaws 326. Slider joint 342 includes a stem 342 b extending proximally therefrom and a tab 342 c projecting from a proximal end of stem 342 b, in a direction away from upper housing 324.

End effector assembly 320 further includes a drive sled 344 slidably disposed within outer tube 322. Drive sled 344 includes a drive block 344 a disposed proximally of upper housing 324 and defining a helical lumen 344 b extending therethrough. Drive sled 344 further includes a drive channel 344 c extending distally from drive block 344 a, and extending between jaws 326 and outer tube 322. Drive channel 344 c is configured to slidably receive tab 342 c of slider joint 342 therein. Drive block 344 a includes a nub 344 d projecting from an upper surface thereof and being configured for selective engagement by snap clip 330 f of pusher bar 330.

End effector assembly 320 further includes a helical drive screw 346 rotatably supported on upper housing 324, and extending proximally therefrom. Helical drive screw 346 is operatively connected to and/or received in helical lumen 344 b of drive sled 344. A proximal end of helical drive screw 346 is connected to a distal end of a drive cable 256 (see FIG. 9) that is in turn connected to a distal end of drive shaft 250.

In use, as will be described in greater detail below, as helical drive screw 346 is rotated in a first direction, due to the rotation of drive shaft 250 and drive cable 256, helical drive screw 346 interacts with helical lumen 344 b of drive sled 344 to axially advance drive sled 344, and vice-versa.

Additionally, as drive sled 344 is advanced in a distal direction, drive sled 344 pushes pusher bar 330 and is advanced distally due to the connection of snap clip 330 f of pusher bar 330 with nub 344 d of drive sled 344. As pusher bar 330 is advanced distally, pusher 330 c thereof contacts a backspan of a distal-most clip “C1” and advances the distal-most clip “C1” in a distal direction to load the clip between jaws 326.

Also, as pusher bar 330 is advanced distally, distal slot 330 d thereof is advanced distally relative to tab 332 b of advancer plate 332. When tab 332 b of advancer plate 332 has traversed a length of distal slot 330 d, a proximal end of slot 330 d abuts against tab 332 b and begins to urge advancer plate 332 distally.

Concomitantly with the advancement of pusher bar 330, drive channel 334 c of drive sled 344 is distally advanced and translated relative to stem 342 b of slider joint 342. Drive channel 344 c of drive sled 344 is advanced distally until a shoulder 344 e thereof engages a shoulder 340 b of drive bar 340. Drive sled 344 is configured and dimensioned such that drive sled 344 does not engage drive bar 340 until after pusher bar 330 has advanced distal-most clip “C1” into jaws 326. When shoulder 344 e of drive sled 344 engages shoulder 340 b of drive bar 340, drive sled 344 advances drive bar 340 in a distal direction.

Pusher bar 330 is advanced distally until proximal slot 330 e thereof engages nub 324 c of upper housing 324. At this point, distal advancement of pusher bar 330 is stopped. However, as helical drive screw 346 continues to rotate and advance drive sled 344 in a distal direction, nub 344 d of drive sled 344 disengages from snap clip 330 f of pusher bar 330 to thereby allow further distal advancement of drive sled 344.

As drive sled 344 is further advanced distally, after engagement with drive bar 340, drive bar 340 is advanced distally to thereby close jaws 326 and to form the clip “C” disposed therewithin.

As seen in FIGS. 16-26, when end effector assembly 320 is in an un-actuated condition, drive block 344 a of drive sled 344 is located at a proximal end of helical drive screw 346.

Turning now to FIGS. 27-70, the operation of surgical clip applier 100, to form or crimp a surgical clip “C” around a target tissue, such as, for example, a vessel “V,” will now be described. With reference to FIGS. 27-46, surgical clip applier 100 is shown prior to any operation or use thereof. As seen in FIG. 27-34, prior to use or firing of clip applier 100, trigger 208 is generally in an uncompressed or un-actuated state.

When trigger 208 is in the un-actuated position, drive block 222 is at a distal-most position on drive screw 224 of handle assembly 200. As such, pawl 234 is disposed within or is in registration with distal reversing recess 232 b of toothed-rack 232.

With trigger 208 in the un-actuated position, as seen in FIG. 29, rib 208 b of trigger 208 contacts free end 238 c of clutch bracket 238 and urges clutch bracket 238 in a distal direction to thereby maintain clutch gear 226 separate from the crown of teeth of 224 c of drive screw 224.

As seen in FIGS. 35-46, with trigger 208 in the un-actuated position, pusher bar 330 is at a proximal-most position such that pusher 303 c thereof is disposed proximally of the backspan of a distal-most clip “C1” of the stack of clips. Also, drive sled 344 is disposed at a proximal-most position on drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320.

Turning now to FIGS. 47 and 48, during an initial actuation or firing of trigger 208, trigger 208 acts on drive block 222 to urge drive block 222 in a proximal direction. As drive block 222 is moved in the proximal direction, drive block 222 acts on drive screw 224 of handle assembly 200 to cause drive screw 224 to rotate. Additionally, as drive block 222 is moved in the proximal direction, pawl 234 is moved from distal reversing recess 232 b of toothed-rack 232 to the teeth 232 a of toothed-rack 232. In this manner, trigger 208 can not return to an un-actuated position until a complete stroke thereof is achieved.

As trigger 208 is initially actuated, rib 208 b of trigger 208 is moved from contact with free end 238 c of clutch bracket 238 allowing biasing member 228 to urge clutch gear 226 into operative engagement with the crown of teeth of 224 c of drive screw 224 and thus cause clutch bracket 238 to pivot. With clutch gear 226 into operative engagement with the crown of teeth of 224 c of drive screw 224, rotation of drive screw 224 of handle assembly 200 results in rotation of drive shaft 250, and in turn drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320.

As seen in FIGS. 49-53, during the initial actuation of trigger 208, as drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320 is rotated, drive screw 346 interacts with helical lumen 344 b of drive sled 344 to axially advance drive sled 344. As drive sled 344 is advanced in a distal direction, drive sled 344 pushes pusher bar 330 and is advanced distally due to the connection of snap clip 330 f of pusher bar 330 with nub 344 d of drive sled 344. As pusher bar 330 is advanced distally, pusher 330 c thereof contacts a backspan of a distal-most clip “C1” and advances the distal-most clip “C1” in a distal direction to move distal-most clip “C1” beyond tangs 334 b of clip carrier 334 and to load the distal-most clip “C1” between jaws 326.

During the initial actuation of trigger 208, pusher bar 330 is advanced distally until distal slot 330 d thereof is advanced into contact with tab 332 b of advancer plate 332. Also during the initial actuation of trigger 208, as seen in FIGS. 50 and 52, drive channel 344 c of drive sled 344 is spaced from drive bar 340 and shoulder 344 e thereof has not yet contacted drive bar 340.

Turning now to FIGS. 54-58, during a further actuation or firing of trigger 208, drive screw 224 of handle assembly 200 is continued to rotate, resulting in continued rotation of drive shaft 250, and in turn drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320.

During the further rotation of drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320, drive sled 344 is continued to be axially advanced. At this stage, as drive sled 344 is advanced in a distal direction, drive sled 344 continues to push pusher bar 330 distally which, in turn, pushes on tab 332 b of advancer plate 332 to begin distally advancing advancer plate 332. As advancer plate 332 is advanced distally, lip 332 c of advancer plate 332 engages upper tab 336 a of clip follower 336 to advance clip follower 336 in a distal direction, and in turn the remaining stack o clips “C.” Also, as advancer plate 332 is advanced distally, lower tab 336 b thereof is pulled from a proximal window 334 a of clip follower 334 and moved to an adjacent window 334 a of clip follower 334.

As pusher bar 330 is further advanced distally, pusher 330 c thereof continues to advance the distal-most clip “C1” into jaws 326. During the further actuation of trigger 208, pusher bar 330 is advanced distally until proximal slot 330 e thereof is advanced into contact with nub 324 b of upper housing 324.

Turning now to FIGS. 59-68, during a final actuation or firing of trigger 208, drive screw 224 of handle assembly 200 is continued to rotate, resulting in continued rotation of drive shaft 250, and in turn drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320.

During the final rotation of drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320, drive sled 344 is continued to be axially advanced. At this stage, as drive sled 344 is advanced in a distal direction, since pusher bar 330 is blocked from distal advancement by nub 324 b of upper housing 324, nub 344 b of drive sled 344 is disengaged from the tines of snap clip 330 f of pusher bar 330 to thereby allow further distal advancement of drive sled 344.

Additionally, during the final rotation of drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320, shoulder 344 e of drive channel 344 c of drive sled 344 is brought into contact with drive bar 340 and urges drive bar 340 in a distal direction. As drive bar 340 is urged in the distal direction, driver camming surfaces 340 a engage camming surfaces 326 b of jaws 326 to urge jaws 326 to close and form clip “C1,” disposed therebetween, on a vessel “V” or the like (see FIG. 68).

Concomitantly therewith, as seen in FIGS. 63 and 64, as trigger 208 is fully actuated, drive block 222 is moved to a proximal-most position such that pawl 234 is moved into proximal reversing recess 232 c of toothed-rack 232 wherein pawl 234 resets itself. In this manner, trigger 208 is free to return to the un-actuated position.

Turning now to FIGS. 69 and 70, following a complete actuation of trigger 208 and a resetting of pawl 234, trigger 208 is released to allow trigger 208 to return to the un-actuated position due to the action of the biasing member 210 (see FIGS. 3-5). As trigger 208 is returned to the un-actuated position, trigger 208 acts on drive block 222 to urge drive block 222 in a distal direction. As drive block 222 is moved in the distal direction, drive block 222 acts on drive screw 224 of handle assembly 200 to cause drive screw 224 to rotate in an opposite direction. Additionally, as drive block 222 is moved in the distal direction, pawl 234 is moved from proximal reversing recess 232 c of toothed-rack 232 ultimately to distal reversing recess 232 b of toothed-rack 232.

As trigger 208 is returned to the un-actuated position, rib 208 b of trigger 208 contacts free end 238 c of clutch bracket 238 and urges clutch bracket 238 to disengage clutch gear 226 from the crown of teeth of 224 c of drive screw 224, and to re-bias biasing member 228.

As trigger 208 is returned to the un-actuated position and drive screw 224 is rotated, drive screw 224 of handle assembly 200 reverses the rotation of drive shaft 250, and in turn drive screw 346 of end effector assembly 320. As drive screw 346 is rotated in an opposite direction following a complete actuation, drive screw 346 acts on drive sled 344 to move drive sled 344 in a proximal direction.

As drive sled 344 is moved in a proximal direction, nub 344 b of drive sled 344 acts on or is re-captured by the tines of snap clip 330 f of pusher bar 330 and thus pulls pusher bar 330 in a proximal direction. As pusher bar 330 is moved in a proximal direction, when a distal end of distal slot 330 d thereof engages tab 332 b of advancer plate 332, pusher bar 330 urges advancer plate 332 in a proximal direction until tab 332 b thereof reaches a proximal end of slot 324 b formed in upper housing 334. As pusher bar 330 is pulled in a proximal direction, pusher 330 c thereof is caused to be moved proximal of the new distal-most clip “C1.”

Additionally, as drive sled 344 is moved in a proximal direction, drive sled 334 engages tab 342 c (see FIG. 16) of stem 342 b of slider joint 342 to thereby pull slider joint 334 and, in turn, drive bar 340 in a proximal direction. As drive bar 340 is moved in the proximal direction, jaws 326 are allowed to re-open due to their own spring-like characteristics.

As can be appreciated, the firing sequence may be repeated as many times as desired or necessary, or until all of the clips have been fired.

It should be understood that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the present disclosure. Various alternatives and modifications can be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure is intended to embrace all such alternatives, modifications and variances. The embodiments described with reference to the attached drawing figures are presented only to demonstrate certain examples of the disclosure. Other elements, steps, methods and techniques that are insubstantially different from those described above and/or in the appended claims are also intended to be within the scope of the disclosure. 

What is claimed is:
 1. An apparatus for application of surgical clips to body tissue, the apparatus comprising: a handle assembly including: a housing; a drive assembly including: a drive block axially and slidably supported in the housing, wherein the drive block defines a threaded lumen therethrough; and a drive screw rotatably supported within the housing, the drive screw including a threaded surface configured for mating with the threaded lumen of the drive block; a trigger operatively connected to the drive assembly such that actuation of the trigger acts on the drive block , wherein the trigger is pivotably connected to the drive block; a ratchet mechanism supported in the housing, the ratchet mechanism including: a pawl pivotably supported on the drive block; a toothed-rack defined in the housing, the toothed-rack having a distal reversing recess and a proximal reversing recess configured for housing the pawl; and a pawl spring supported on the drive block and configured to bias the pawl into operative engagement with at least one tooth of the toothed-rack to restrict longitudinal movement of the drive block in a second direction when the pawl is longitudinally translated in a first direction , wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite directions; wherein as the trigger is actuated, the drive block and the pawl are moved in the first direction causing the drive screw to rotate and the pawl to move from the distal reversing recess to the toothed-rack such that the trigger is restricted from returning to an un-actuated position until a complete stroke is achieved.
 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, further including a shaft assembly extending from the handle assembly, the shaft assembly including: an end effector assembly having: a plurality of clips loaded therein; and jaws supported at a distal end of the end effector assembly, wherein the jaws are configured to serially receive and form a single clip at a time, of the plurality of clips.
 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the end effector assembly includes: a pusher bar configured to load the single clip of the plurality of clips into the jaws; and a drive bar configured to selectively engage the pusher bar to effectuate closure of the jaws.
 4. The apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a rotatable drive member operatively connected to the trigger and to the end effector assembly, wherein actuation of the trigger results in rotation of the rotatable drive member, and rotation of the rotatable drive member results in loading of the single clip of the plurality of clips into the jaws and in a closing of the jaws.
 5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the drive assembly further includes a clutch gear and a clutch bracket, the clutch gear defining a crown of gear teeth configured to cooperate and selectively engage a crown of teeth of the drive screw, the clutch bracket pivotally supported in the housing and including at least one leg extending around the clutch gear, the clutch bracket configured to approximate and separate the clutch gear and the crown of teeth of the drive screw.
 6. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the rotatable drive member includes the drive screw threadably engaged with the threaded lumen of the drive block, wherein axial translation of the drive block relative to the drive screw of the handle assembly results in rotation of the drive screw.
 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the end effector assembly includes a drive sled slidably and axially translatable therewithin and defines a helical lumen therethrough, and wherein the rotatable drive member includes an end effector drive screw threadably engaged with the helical lumen of the drive sled, wherein rotation of the drive screw results in a rotation of the end effector drive screw and axial translation of the drive sled.
 8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the drive sled is selectively engaged with the pusher bar such that distal advancement of the drive sled results in distal advancement of the pusher bar for a given distance and then the drive sled disconnects from the pusher bar after the given distance.
 9. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pusher bar remains in a distally advanced position during approximation of the jaws.
 10. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the end effector assembly includes an advancer plate slidably disposed therewithin, wherein the advancer plate is detachably connected to the pusher bar, wherein during distal advancement of the pusher bar, the pusher bar engages the advancer plate to distally move the advancer plate.
 11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the advancer plate includes a tab extending therefrom for selective engagement by the pusher bar as the pusher bar is advanced distally.
 12. A method for application of surgical clips to body tissue, the method comprising: providing a surgical instrument including: a housing; a drive assembly having: a drive block axially and slidably supported in the housing, wherein the drive block defines a threaded lumen therethrough; and a drive screw rotatably supported within the housing, the drive screw including a threaded surface configured for mating with the threaded lumen of the drive block; a trigger operatively connected to the drive assembly such that actuation of the trigger acts on the drive block, wherein the trigger is pivotably connected to the drive block; a ratchet mechanism supported in the housing, the ratchet mechanism including: a pawl pivotably supported on the drive block; a toothed-rack defined in the housing, the toothed-rack having a distal reversing recess and a proximal reversing recess configured for housing the pawl; and a pawl spring supported on the drive block and configured to bias the pawl into operative engagement with at least one tooth of the toothed-rack to restrict longitudinal movement of the drive block in a second direction when the pawl is longitudinally translated in a first direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction are opposite directions; actuating the trigger such that the drive block and the pawl are translated in the first direction causing the drive screw to rotate and the pawl to move from the distal reversing recess to the toothed-rack of the ratchet mechanism; and engaging the pawl with the toothed-rack of the ratchet mechanism such that the trigger is restricted from returning to an un-actuated position until a complete stroke is achieved.
 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the surgical instrument provided further includes: an end effector supporting jaws on a distal end thereof; a pusher bar; and a drive bar configured to selectively engage the pusher bar to effectuate closure of the jaws; and the method further comprises translating the drive bar to selectively engage the pusher bar to effectuate closure of the jaws.
 14. The method according to claim 13 wherein the surgical instrument provided further includes: a rotatable drive member operatively connected to the trigger and the end effector; and the method further comprises loading the end effector with a plurality of clips; rotating the rotatable drive member; and actuating the jaws to serially receive and form a single clip at a time, of the plurality of clips. 